Saturday, October 5, 2019
Evaluating international business communications situations Essay
Evaluating international business communications situations - Essay Example A communication plan is a very useful tool in ensuring successful programming. (Morrison, T., & Conaway, W. A. 2006) It enhances participation by everyone involved and further shapes how people perceive every detail of a project. A communication plan may help individuals to raise public awareness in a targeted community specifically on their needs, challenges as well as successes. (Morrison, T., & Conaway, W. A. 2006) It is based on that plan that an organization may be able to raise funds and obtain support. In cases where a project depends on attendance of people, the plan is useful in mobilization and enrolment into the project. The key aspect of communication plan is the resource management aspect of the plan. (Rendtorff, J. D. 2010) There is always a risk of having limited resources in every organization that intends to conduct market research which would be useful in guiding a business plan, particularly on amount of money and time that will be involved in the process. (Rendtorff, J. D. 2010) A communication plan will be critical in making use of such limited time. This is because it enhances focus on the exact objectives to address and priorities to observe in the process. (Rourke, P. J. 2011)The plan further will not only allows for clarity on the objectives and promotes zeroing in on the target audience of the plan but also enhance congruence in communication with the rest of the world. There are two points that are involved in effective communication plan. First, it is the identification of the stakeholders who will be involved in the process. The second aspect is the reporting that happens at the end of the project, where market research findings are relayed to decide the actual project to be undertaken in the community. (Willinsky, J. 2006) From this end, the study will focus on the evaluation of the international business communication s situations. And specifically on the explanation of a
Friday, October 4, 2019
Issues in Arts Politics project prospectus Essay
Issues in Arts Politics project prospectus - Essay Example With an evaluation of the video viewersââ¬â¢ statistics, the study implements that the developed online videos , trailers, short films, and other digital copiesdevolved a situation of increased business value; hence, rendering art as an important aspect of developing businesses and guaranteeing income and improved lifestyles to its practitioners. In relation to Dr. James McQuivey arguments, the value accrued by an individual video developer after streaming a one-minute video clip through the available and renowned online sites is equivalent to 1.8 million words. The Forrester Research based analyst provokes an understanding that the online community or any other businessperson would be incapacitated to deliver the aspired information through writing since the ill-advised alternative will consume a range of 3,800 web pages. Therefore, the writing process will be challenging the business value of the video as the writing process will consume a period of 150 days at the least (Garcià a & Yuà dice, 2001). Holding to the fact that the developed online video depicted the intended message and attracted a large population of viewers, it is evident that the streaming process devolved business value as the majority viewers acknowledged and viewed the advertisements that the parent companies to the video-hosting sites included in t he process. For instance, statistics indicate that the current measure on the use of online information in different consumer demographics equals 45.4% of the total population of consumers in the media industry. The survey is vital in evaluating the value created to the video development business process through online viewing. The analytical use of mathematical values investigated that the business would accrue profitable outcomes since the information borne therein attracted a profound population of consumer groups. For example, the
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Drug Abuse and Addiction Essay Example for Free
Drug Abuse and Addiction Essay Drug abuse and addiction are a major burden to society. Many people do not understand why individuals become addicted to drugs or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug abuse. They mistakenly view drug abuse and addiction as strictly a social problem and may characterize those who take drugs as morally weak. One very common belief is that drug abusers should be able to just stop taking drugs if they are only willing to change their behavior. What people often underestimate is the complexity of drug addiction that it is a disease that impacts the brain and because of that, stopping drug abuse is not simply a matter of willpower. Through scientific advances we now know much more about how exactly drugs work in the brain, and we also know that drug addiction can be successfully treated to help people stop abusing drugs and resume productive lives. So what is drug abuse and why do we became addicted to certain drugs? Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of a substance (drug) in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods neither approved nor supervised by medical professionals. Addiction is the continued use of a mood altering substance or behavior despite adverse dependency consequences, or a neurological impairment leading to such behaviors. Addictions can include, but are not limited to, drug abuse, exercise abuse, sexual activity and gambling. Classic hallmarks of addiction include: impaired control over substances/behavior, preoccupation with substance/behavior, continued use despite consequences, and denial. Habits and patterns associated with addiction are typically characterized by immediate gratification (short-term reward), coupled with delayed deleterious effects (long-term costs). Physiological dependence occurs when the body has to adjust to the substance by incorporating the substance into its normal functioning. This state creates the conditions of tolerance and withdrawal. Drug addiction and drug abuse, chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Traditional definitions of addiction, with their criteria of physical dependence and withdrawal (and often an underlying tenor of depravity and sin) have been modified with increased understanding; with the introduction of new drugs, such as cocaine, that are psychologically or neuropsychologically addicting; and with the realization that its stereotypical application to opiate-drug users was invalid because many of them remain occasional users with no physical dependence. Addiction is more often now defined by the continuing, compulsive nature of the drug use despite physical and/or psychological harm to user and society and includes both licit and illicit drugs, and the term ââ¬Å"substance abuseâ⬠is now frequently used because of the broad range of substances (including alcohol and inhalants) that can fit the addictive profile. There are many different types of drugs you should be aware of. Some are prescribed, others are known as club drugs, illicit or illegal substances, and some are called designers drugs. They include: Antidepressants, Barbiturates, Cannabis, Depressants, Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Narcotics, Steroids, Stimulants and Tobacco.
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Organisational Culture and Communication in Hotel
Organisational Culture and Communication in Hotel Organisational culture To begin with, we should characterize Organizational culture. Each Organization has an extraordinary culture, the same way every individual has a one of a kind identity. Organisational culture is an arrangement of imparted suspicions, qualities and convictions that administers how individuals carry on in associations. The way of life of an association is controlled by the qualities put on an arrangement of attributes, for example, hazard introduction and tender loving care. (McLaughlin, 2003) The King and Queen Hotel core values drive the culture. Our culture influences the way we treat associates, customers, and the community which impacts all our successes. The King and Queen Hotel is committed to fair treatment of associates and to providing training and advancement opportunities to all. A simple goal of our hotel is Good Food and Good Service at a Fair Price Do whatever it takes to Take Care of the Customer. Pay phenomenal tender loving care. Take pride in their physical surroundings. Use their inventiveness to discover better approaches to address the issues of clients. The organization effectively bolsters the group and energizes partner volunteerism through a mixture of associations. At The King and Queen Hotel, the propagation of an organizations way of life has a demonstrated positive budget. To add few more culture elements like Individuals and strengthening centred, Esteem creation through advancement and change, Thoughtfulness regarding the essentials, Hands-on administration, making the best decision, Flexibility to develop and to fall flat, Responsibility and moral obligation, Accentuation on whats to come (McGuire, 2003) Leadership styles For an effective business development, as a Human Resource Director I would recommend us to have two different types of leadership styles at two different situations. The two leadership styles are Laissez-Faire Leadership Style and Bureaucratic Leadership Style. Initially I would suggest Bureaucratic Leadership Style because we as a member of king and queen hotel suites and a new resort hotel which deals with adventure packages like Private tramping, Hiking, swimming, Fishing, Mountaineering, bushwalks, quad bike exploring and science helicopter flights. So while dealing very adventures sports everything has to be done according to the set procedure or policies, If not covered by the policy referred to the next level management. This is bureaucratic style of leadership where a manager encourages his staff to follow exactly what is there in policy. This is most effective for our staff performing routine tasks over and over, staff performing tasks that required handling cash, staff that has to understand certain standards or procedures and most importantly the safety and security of both staff and the guest. (unpan1) On the other hand there is always a situation where something is not in the policy especially in hotel industry. In such cases the type of leadership changes from bureaucratic style to the Laissez-Faire Leadership Style or also known as ââ¬Å"hands-offâ⬠style, where the managers give practically no heading and gives staff much opportunity as could be expected under the circumstances. All power or force given to the staff and them focus objectives, decide, and resolve issues all alone. This is a powerful style to utilize Staff profoundly gifted, experienced, and taught, Staff has superiority in their work and the ambition, to do it effectively all alone, outside specialists, such as staff experts, Staff reliable and experienced. This type of combined leadership style would always suit any kind of hotel and in practical life of hotel industry situations. It also suites the organisational culture stating, Do whatever it takes to Take Care of the Customer (Dwyer, 2009) 4. The boundaries when managing an individual structure another nation are, Oral Communication or verbal Communication where individuals for distinctive nations have an alternate barrier and they would have a barrier in talking the barrier talked in the organization, they would for the most part utilize an interpreters and if not all that it would prompt misconception. Written Communication is likewise viewed as a barrier as the style or layout utilized as a part of a nation would vary from nation to nation. Semantics is another issue that that they would confront by not getting a specific nations jargons. Non Verbal Communication from society to culture and every sign would have distinctive implications when contrasted with another nation (Spinks Wells, 1997). As indicated by Santos and Rozier (2007) individuals from different social situations who correspond with an individual from an alternate social foundation too is considered as intercultural correspondence. By and large errors happen with individuals for different social foundations, larger part of the misconceptions are expected absence of information as to the verbal and the non-verbal setting while imparting. As indicated by Ting-Toomey in 1999 (as cited in Santos et al., 2007) intercultural issues consist of Our discernments by for the most part stereotyping individuals The different verbal and non-verbal social practices Assumptions those individuals from the same society are alike Personal inclination and individual objectives Protecting admiration of individual or aggregately Lauring (2011) states that the regular parts of society are not quite the same as country to country, it should be held under thought that the communication methodology can fluctuate in the meeting of an individual from another country in an authoritative circumstance. The hitch to intercultural correspondence is not generally mistaken assumptions; thought must be given to the individual and associations plans in a common association relationship. Gudykunst (1997) said in his article that the way individuals are raised is the way they have a tendency to respond in social circumstances while conveying is general inclination. He additionally says the different social contrasts that are in view of the childhood and the way of life that they have originated from plays a variable on their own credits as for social standards. Independence ââ¬â Collectivism, Values, Personality introduction, Self-Construals, Uncertainty introduction and Masculinity- Femininity. (Varner, 2000) Varner (2000) built up a model in which three key segments are exhibit to be specific intercultural procedure, communication method and business technique. By joining Intercultural system and Intercultural Business communication, it remembers that individuals need to be made mindful about individuals for different cultures. They have to be mindful of the business culture and as a large portion of the way of life dont impart the same way (Varner, 2000) . I would implement (Varner, 2000) intercultural methodology because as The Mt.Taranaki resort is new property, the staff of distinctive nations would be prepared in business method and all the staff would likewise take in the culture procedure so an expert accord is kept up at all times at the hotel. Since the hierarchical atmosphere in the hotel is as of now a learning culture, I would urge all representatives to help all the staff who think that it hard to impart because of their social foundation. Steady criticism will be given on their execution which would be imparted to them in a negative valuable input in the event that they oblige it and in the event that they have performed the errand successfully they will be persuaded by being recognized. CONFLICT RESOLUTION POLICY Mt.Taranaki resort committed to prompt and reasonable determination of all debate of any nature which may emerge in the work environment. This approach oversees all parts of vocation question determination, including all lawful cases that the worker may have against the organization, up to and including release, and any cases of separation based upon race, colour, sex, disability, religion, national origin, age or whatever other secured attribute, or any cases emerging under any government, state, nearby law or any normal law. This conflict resolution method is a state of job with Mt.Taranaki resort. Problem Solving: Mt.Taranaki resort as an organisation puts stock in clear and open communication, and encourages staff to talk straightforwardly with their supervisor and associates and the other way around. On the off chance that a conflict does arise, it is prescribed that the individual attempt to determine the issue with those straightforwardly included. The representative may additionally decide to include his or her manager if important. In talking about the conflict please recall that the organizations privacy approach still applies. In the event that after this talk the representative or supervisor feels the issue is still not determined, he/she may ask for a meeting with the following level manager and Human Resources Coordinator as relevant. In case the representative lean towards an individual meeting with the following level manager or whatever other senior administration staff the administrator will be advised. By investigating the issue in an expert and valuable style it ought to be conceivable to discover a suitable approach to determine the issue. Complaint Resolution Procedure: Mt.Taranaki resort as an organisation will act conveniently if issues do happen and all people, whether staff or management, will be treated with decency, admiration, and consistency. All representatives are urged to present any protestations or suggestions managing security, wellbeing measures, legitimate working conditions, execution evaluations, teach and reasonable administration hones, without apprehension of response. Any question, contentions or recommendations should first be taken care of between the staff and his or her prompt manager, unless they are not sufficiently kidding to warrant intercession by the following level director or other individual from the senior administration group. Staffs who have not got an answer inside five business days of the circumstances that offered ascent to the circumstance has the privilege to bring the matter to the consideration of the following level administrator. The Human Resources Director will be educ ated of the matter. That individual will audit the circumstances inside five business days and will counsel the Human Resources as proper. Dissension ought to be in composing and incorporate all important circumstances. The representative and manager will get an answer or a composed answer from the Department Manager inside five more business days. On the off chance that the representative is not fulfilled by the reaction, he or she has the privilege to talk about the issue with the Executive Director. On the off chance that the Executive Director cant satisfy the representatives desires and the contention endures, the worker may choose to bring the matter, in composing, to the seat of the Board of Directors and the Executive Director will be advised. The Board of Directors choice will be last. (Ontario.cmha.ca, 2011) Works Cited Dwyer, J. (2009). The Business Communication Handbook. Pearson Education Australia. Gudykunst, W. B. (1997, August). Cultural Variability in Communication: An Introduction. Cultural Variability in Communication: An Introduction, 24(4), 327-348. Lauring, J. (2011, July). INTERCULTURAL ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION The Social Organizing of Interaction in International Encounters. Journal of Business Communication, 48(3), 231-255. McGuire, S. (2003). wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2015, from en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture McLaughlin, J. (2003). study.com. Retrieved April 2015, from www.study.com: http://study.com/academy/lesson/strong-vs-weak-organizational-cultures-examples-differences.html Ontario.cmha.ca. (2011, September). Retrieved from http://ontario.cmha.ca: http://ontario.cmha.ca/files/2012/12/sample_conflict_resolution_yssn.pdf Santos, C. A., Rozier, S. (2007). Intercultural Communication Competence and Conflict Negotiation Strategies: Perceptions of Park Staff and Diverse Park Users. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 25(1), 22-49. Spinks, N., Wells, B. (1997). Intercultural communication: a key element in global strategies. Career Development International, 2(6), 287-292. unpan1. (n.d.). Retrieved 2015, from unpan1.un.org: http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/unssc/unpan024704.pdf Varner, I. I. (2000, January ). The Theoretical Foundation for intercuitural Business Communication: A Conceptual Model. The Journal of Business Communication, 37(1), 39-57.
Mike Nichols Film, Regarding Henry Essay -- Film Movies
Mike Nichols' Film, Regarding Henry Life can change in an instant. One second you are a successful and ruthless lawyer, the next youââ¬â¢re a simple man with absolutely no memory of who or where you are. The film ââ¬Å"Regarding Henryâ⬠shows this perfectly as it travels through the life of a man named Henry Turner. The main focus of the film is how important family life is. Before the accident, Henry hardly even knew his daughter and almost never spoke to her. At the start of the film the father-daughter relationship was very weak, he would never speak to her when he came home from work because he didnââ¬â¢t have time, but when he did he lectured to her - like when she spilled grape juice on his ââ¬Å"prize pianoâ⬠and yelled at her. His life revolved around the courtroom, where he spent most of his time. Sarah, his wife told him to apologize to his daughter, which he finally did after arguing with her. Even when he tried to apologize to her after a party, he found it difficult to express his feelings and just talked about the case he had won that day. Before the accident Henry was always working, even when he came home, he would still continued to work. Henry was a self centered and arrogant man who was only interested in winning a case, working and smoking. Henry loved his eggs and was always at parties, celebrating or mocking his clients, which he was very good at. He was excellent at what he did and would go to any extent of lying to win ââ¬Å"like the Matthewââ¬â¢s case.â⬠He was also ext...
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Miss Ophelia in Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin Essay
Miss Ophelia in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin à à à à à Being the only Northerner to take a focal role in Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, Miss Ophelia is a realistic adaptation of the ideal woman that Harriet Beecher Stowe proposes with the images of the other perfect women. She is educated, single, independent, ambitious, and motivated by a certain sense of duty. Unlike the other women in the novel, she is the one with the most masculine mannerisms: she relies on her thoughts rather than her emotions to make decisions about her life and political beliefs. However Miss Ophelia also appears to be the audience that Stowe is partially addressing -- those who feel like they know something about slavery, but who havenââ¬â¢t truly analyzed their own mind about their prejudices. This was one of the reasons why Stowe wrote her book: to connect with people who hadnââ¬â¢t yet decided what side of the Mason-Dixon line they fell on. Ophelia is the perfect example of either Northerners or Southerners who at first donââ¬â¢t have a strong opinion about slavery but after an encounter, experience, or a revelation finally find their voice. For Miss Ophelia, she discovers herself with the help of a little girl. à à à à à Little Eva attempts to explain to Ophelia about how they should love all and follow Jesusââ¬â¢ love for everyone. ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t you know that Jesus loves all alike? He is just as willing to love you, as me. He loves you just as I do, -only more, because he is better. He will help you to be good; and you can go to Heaven at last, and be an angel forever, just as much as if you were white. (p.245-6)â⬠Even though Jesus loves both black and white folks, that canââ¬â¢t necessarily persuade Miss Ophelia to kiss and hug the slaves. ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢It puts me in mind of mother,ââ¬â¢ he said to Ophelia. ââ¬ËIt is true what she told me, if we want to give sight to the blind, we must be willing to do as Christ did, - call them to us, and put our hands on them.ââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËIââ¬â¢ve always had a prejudice against Negroes,ââ¬â¢ said Miss Ophelia, ââ¬Ëand itââ¬â¢s a fact, I never could bear to have that child touch me; but I didnââ¬â¢t think she knew it. (p. 246)â⬠Even though Miss Ophelia has people trying to persuade her to fully embrace the other race, for one reason or another she just canââ¬â¢t bring herself to do it. She believes that it is wrong because that is what she was raised to think. On the other hand, St. Clare is the polar opposite t... ... the horrid souls to an afterlife in hell. Feminism is an unmistakable theme in this novel. Stowe portrays women as strong, independent characters and gives all of them very effective roles. In the end, it is the women who are the most religious. When readers are first introduced to Miss Ophelia they encounter a Vermonter who has beliefs about slavery but no emotions to back up her words. For all of her duty and religious piety, she must have love, emotion and feeling to back up her words for them to be of any significance. Then through interaction with other characters in the book, Miss Opheliaââ¬â¢s morals and beliefs slowly begin to solidify. By the end of the book she is deeply rooted and emotionally connected to everything she says. This is exactly the type of reader that Stowe wished to reach. Someone who maybe wasnââ¬â¢t too sure on how they felt about paying money for someoneââ¬â¢s life would hopefully, once finished with Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, realize their own ideals and opinions about life for Negroes i n the South and then try to do something to help them leave their lives of horror. Works Cited Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin. W.W. Norton & Co, Inc. New York, 1994 Miss Ophelia in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin Essay Miss Ophelia in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin à à à à à Being the only Northerner to take a focal role in Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, Miss Ophelia is a realistic adaptation of the ideal woman that Harriet Beecher Stowe proposes with the images of the other perfect women. She is educated, single, independent, ambitious, and motivated by a certain sense of duty. Unlike the other women in the novel, she is the one with the most masculine mannerisms: she relies on her thoughts rather than her emotions to make decisions about her life and political beliefs. However Miss Ophelia also appears to be the audience that Stowe is partially addressing -- those who feel like they know something about slavery, but who havenââ¬â¢t truly analyzed their own mind about their prejudices. This was one of the reasons why Stowe wrote her book: to connect with people who hadnââ¬â¢t yet decided what side of the Mason-Dixon line they fell on. Ophelia is the perfect example of either Northerners or Southerners who at first donââ¬â¢t have a strong opinion about slavery but after an encounter, experience, or a revelation finally find their voice. For Miss Ophelia, she discovers herself with the help of a little girl. à à à à à Little Eva attempts to explain to Ophelia about how they should love all and follow Jesusââ¬â¢ love for everyone. ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t you know that Jesus loves all alike? He is just as willing to love you, as me. He loves you just as I do, -only more, because he is better. He will help you to be good; and you can go to Heaven at last, and be an angel forever, just as much as if you were white. (p.245-6)â⬠Even though Jesus loves both black and white folks, that canââ¬â¢t necessarily persuade Miss Ophelia to kiss and hug the slaves. ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢It puts me in mind of mother,ââ¬â¢ he said to Ophelia. ââ¬ËIt is true what she told me, if we want to give sight to the blind, we must be willing to do as Christ did, - call them to us, and put our hands on them.ââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËIââ¬â¢ve always had a prejudice against Negroes,ââ¬â¢ said Miss Ophelia, ââ¬Ëand itââ¬â¢s a fact, I never could bear to have that child touch me; but I didnââ¬â¢t think she knew it. (p. 246)â⬠Even though Miss Ophelia has people trying to persuade her to fully embrace the other race, for one reason or another she just canââ¬â¢t bring herself to do it. She believes that it is wrong because that is what she was raised to think. On the other hand, St. Clare is the polar opposite t... ... the horrid souls to an afterlife in hell. Feminism is an unmistakable theme in this novel. Stowe portrays women as strong, independent characters and gives all of them very effective roles. In the end, it is the women who are the most religious. When readers are first introduced to Miss Ophelia they encounter a Vermonter who has beliefs about slavery but no emotions to back up her words. For all of her duty and religious piety, she must have love, emotion and feeling to back up her words for them to be of any significance. Then through interaction with other characters in the book, Miss Opheliaââ¬â¢s morals and beliefs slowly begin to solidify. By the end of the book she is deeply rooted and emotionally connected to everything she says. This is exactly the type of reader that Stowe wished to reach. Someone who maybe wasnââ¬â¢t too sure on how they felt about paying money for someoneââ¬â¢s life would hopefully, once finished with Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, realize their own ideals and opinions about life for Negroes i n the South and then try to do something to help them leave their lives of horror. Works Cited Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin. W.W. Norton & Co, Inc. New York, 1994
Preventing Unwanted Pregnancy Essay
A happily married couple, Thomas and Ella, have two children named Cody and Rachel. Thomas has two jobs to support his family, and then Ella can stay home to take care of their young boy and girl, along with housework. After a long night of hard work, Thomas came home to Ella crying in the bathroom. ââ¬Å"Ella, what is the matter?â⬠he asked. She wiped away her tears, took a deep breath, looked Thomas deep into his brown eyes and said, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m pregnantâ⬠. They both knew they were not prepared for another child to come into the family, but once Thomas and Ella talked to a doctor about their options they decided to keep the baby. Yet, now they had to make a responsible change for future to prevent this from happening again. The doctor provided two methods to choose from: natural family planning or contraceptive devices. Family planning is a significant subject in our culture with the exponential growth of the world population, but society must consider the sustaina bility of all family planning methods. By comparing the methods of two contraceptive choices of natural family planning and artificial contraceptives, the goal is to decide which is the overall superior option. While studying the effectiveness of artificial contraceptives and natural family planning, supporting and opposing arguments of each method must be provided to make a reasonable judgment. Although contraceptive devices can prevent pregnancy and some sexually transmitted disease as well, natural family planning is the better option for those who are in a consistent intimate relationship. The natural family planning method, also known as fertility awareness, does not contain unnatural hormones or chemicals, and tracks the normal monthly changes of womenââ¬â¢s body fertility. Consistent with Richard J. Fehring, a researcher from the Marquette College of Nursing, natural family planning (NFP) is a method of avoiding or achieving a pregnancy by studying the patterns of fertility and withdrawing from intercourse while the female is fertile. Couples observe signs of fertility in the woman by tracking the womanââ¬â¢s body temperature, mucus secretion and other signs. This method can also be referred to as the fertility awareness method, periodic abstinence, or the rhythm method (Fehring 2). Petra Frank-Herrmann, a professor at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, foun d ââ¬Å"For a contraceptive method to be rated as highly efficient as the hormonal pill, there should be less thanà one pregnancy per 100 women per year when the method is used correctly.â⬠Frank-Herrmann led a study including 900 women using the method of natural family planning. She verified, ââ¬Å"the pregnancy rate for woman who used the [NFP] method correctly in our study was 0.4%, which can be interpreted as one pregnancy occurring per 250 woman per year. While the effectiveness of natural family planning is equal to or greater than that of any oral contraceptive rate, which is about 0.7%â⬠(ââ¬Å"Natural Family Planning Method As Effective As Contraceptive Pill, New Research Findsâ⬠). The evidence suggests that natural family planning is a more sustainable method of pregnancy prevention than contraceptive devices. Natural family planning helps to preserve good health because it does not include chemicals, pills or other harmful devices. It also may be applied during regular or irregular cycles throughout a womanââ¬â¢s life while off contraceptives. While NFP helps women feel more in tune with their bodies, together couples may feel more respected and not take for granted the purpose of intercourse when planning a family (Peterson). This w ay a woman will not feel solely responsible because NFP is a shared responsibility and lifestyle. Not only is natural family planning as effective as artificial contraception, but also is also less harmful to our environment compared to artificial contraceptives. The key of NFP is it is natural, thus it does not contaminate oneââ¬â¢s body or the surroundings since it has an absence of chemicals. Micheal Martin-Loeches, a medical researcher in the European Journal of Contraception & Reproduction Heath Care, determined that a good awareness of natural family planning increased womenââ¬â¢s sexual desire compared to the common level of sexual desire of women. Along with health benefits, natural family planning is an exceptional option for those who cannot afford forms of birth control or having a larger family to provide for. The increasing population is a hitch with the importance of natural family planning and awareness of fertility because High-fertility still persists in much of the developing world, ensuring that population growth will continue. In 2006, average family size among the 4 billion people living in less developed countries outside of China was estimated at 3.4 children, with an annual population growth rate of 1.8% (Populat ion Reference Bureau, 2007b). At this rate, the population of these countries would double in just 39 years. Even taking projected declines in fertility in these regions into account, the number of peopleà living in less developed countries outside China is projected to increase by more than 60% by 2050, from 4 billion today to more than 6.5 billion (Speidel, Weiss, Ethelston, & Gilbert, 2007). To make the world aware of the natural family planning method, the world population growth rate may steadily regulate over time. Fortunately, the NFP technique is inexpensive and when it is learned it can be used for the entirety of womenââ¬â¢s reproductive lifetime with minimal additional cost. A natural family planning couples class and a few minor materials may be purchased at the most to have the most efficient outcome. Those who choose to use this natural method do not generally experience moral issues since NFP is widely accepted by most faiths and cultures. This method also correlates to an increase in a relationshipââ¬â¢s trust and intimacy when completed thoroughly (NHS). Nevertheless, everyone does not support the NFP method; therefore, they have contrasting views and ideas for pregnancy prevention. When the opposing view is depicted a main point that is brought to attention is that it may be difficult to continue the commitment for each partner to follow the fertilit y scheduleââ¬â¢s pattern. The menstrual cycles must be examined multiple times before one can become absolutely confident of pinpointing a femaleââ¬â¢s fertile time (NHS). Continuing the counterargument, factors such as stress, illness, lifestyle and use of hormonal treatments disrupt oneââ¬â¢s fertility signs so they become hard to follow. Also during the fertile time of a couple must withdraw from sex or use another method of contraception, as a fertile time period may last up to 16 days. Those who decide to abstain from sex seem to commonly experience relationship problems (NHS). Those who are not pleased by or successful with NFP look for immediate alternatives with out always doing necessary research. Contraceptives, like the pill or condoms, may be extremely effective in preventing pregnancy as well, but they come with altered and varied advantages and disadvantages depending on its form. When taken as directed, the oral birth control is 99% effective and reaps many additional benefits. A menstrual flow is lighter, less cramping, decreases the risk of developing uterus or ovarian cancer, and conditions including the following: anemia, breast-r elated disease, endometriosis and ovarian cysts (Hampton). The oral contraceptives do not physically interfere whatsoever with the foreplay or intercourse while performing any sexual activities, as condoms may interfere in this manner. Others opposing to NFP merely look into the positive effects of contraceptives; hence, they may not think about how the oral birth control has a lack of protection for sexually transmitted diseases and creates the possibility or missing a pill and upbringing extra side effects. Oral birth control should not be taken when women are young, with a history of blood clots, cardiovascular disease, and frequent smokers. There is also an increased chance of women to experience high blood pressure, heart disease, and strokes (Hampton). According to a study from the Washington University in St. Louis of Medicine, ââ¬Å"86% of subjects knew that the annual risk of pregnancy is less than 10% if no contraception is used. More than 45% of women overestimate the effectiveness of pills, the patch, the ring, and condoms. Among women who use reversible contraception, most choose less-effective methods such as condoms at 26% and oral contraceptive pills at 45%. Reliance on less-effective methods contr ibutes to the fact that nearly one-half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintendedâ⬠(Eisenberg et al.). Along with the possible failure of protection and less awareness of possible pregnancies, contraception can alter hormonal and estrogen levels. This study found in the European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care states, ââ¬Å"a decrease in sexual desire was observed in relation to an average or poor relationship with the partner, coinciding with the aforementioned authorsââ¬â¢ conclusions regarding the psychological influences and level of sex education in the decrease of sexual desire in users of contraceptive methodsâ⬠(Martin-Loeches et al.). Further studies by Wynne Parry, a senior writer from Live Science Research, indicate contraceptives can also damage the environment by filling water with hormones; hormonal contraceptives increase the levels of certain hormones in women to prevent pregnancy. The hormones traces can be found in the waste dispersed from women who use contraceptives such as the pill, patches, and vaginal rings. Consequently, the problem is causing water treatment plants to be upgraded, which economically makes the government sacrifice the peoplesââ¬â¢ money. This dilemma has been observed to de-masculinize those who ingest it regularly, which animals are extremely sensitive to consuming added hormones. It is tremendously vital the amount of waste generated from contraceptives packaging as well. In retrospective, following the natural family planning method is one alternative to pregnancy prevention that willà not hurt our environment. Each step towards cutting down on waste and decreasing our environmental carbon footprint can be beneficial and leads to prosperous and healthier ecosystem. The various forms of contraceptives may have shown success and brought about numerous benefits, but natural family planning succeeds best in pregnancy prevention due to its advantages in the health, environmental, economic and other features. With the worldââ¬â¢s population grasping the importance of keeping sexual activity to a natural intimate experience, this allows a couple to work together to space out their children in a way that is both mora lly and ecologically acceptable. Further studies have and will continue to make NFP a valuable contribution to the sexual health of our people.
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