buy custom Hospice Organization essay

buy custom Hospice Organization essay A famous saying goes Everyone wants to go to heaven but nobody wants to die. This brings the idea that many people are scared of death even though it is the final stage of human life and a natural event (Rosenfeld et al, 2004). This is one of the underlying reasons for the idea of hospices. Hospice is a representation of a kindhearted move towards ensuring that care is provided to those who are approaching death. For many people, this period may be associated with pain, long days of loneliness, staying in cold, environment away from family and friends and where love does exist but all this horrifying end-of-life events can totally be change by hospice care through by healing and peaceful transformation. It ensures that the patients last days are fully enjoyed, with support, purpose, grace and dignity. Rosenfeld et al (2004) affirm that in the beginning, hospice was used to provide shelter and rest for sick and tired travelers on the way. Some other hospice was used to provide specialized care for patients who were on the verge of dying. In the United States of America, hospice has existed since mid 1970s. The philosophy of hospice care mainly focuses on the management of symptoms of patients with terminal illnesses. The idea of hospice does not apply to a particular place but the care provided. In most cases it is caters for people with a life expectancy not more than six months. Its main concern is relief of pain and symptoms (palliative care) as opposed to continuing curative measures. Hospice care deals with all aspects of the patients health entailing: emotional, social, spiritual and physical for all people regardless of their age provided they are in the final phase of their life. In most occasions, hospice provides care in patients own homes under familiar environment although some practiced in hospitals, nursing homes or in private facilities. Here the care is family-centered engaging both the patient and the family in decision making. Patients access cre on 24 hours basis daily (Schonwetter et al, 2000). There are many services provided by hospice care services. There is a team of professionals made up of interdisciplinary health care personnel charged with controlling care within the hospice. Nurses, doctors, counselors, social workers, home health aides, therapists, trained volunteers, clergy and other experts work together to discharge care according to their specialized fields to ensure comfort for patients. There is control of symptom control whose main objective is to ensure that patients are comfortable and the same time are allowed to be control of their lives while enjoying it (Schonwetter et al, 2000).. At this point, there is management of side effects to free pain and symptoms as much as possible, yet attentive enough to have fun with people around and make key decisions. The interdisciplinary team is very important for in the organization and coordination of the hospice services. The team is charged with a fundamental responsibility of supervising the care all day and night long, all through the year. They make sure that there is information sharing among all the involved parties and the services for proper management of the patient. This function entails ensuring that home care agencies, doctors, nurse, inpatient facilities, funeral directors and other professionals carry out their duties together to dispense their duties effectively (Rosenfeld et al 2004). They encourage the patient and the caregivers to feel free and contact their respective hospice team whenever at whichever time in case of nay problem. They ensure that both the patient and the family are not left alone but get support whenever they need. Spiritual care is also one of the important services provided by the hospice. The spiritual needs basing on specific religious beliefs of individuals are catered for. Some of the needs that are provided including helping one say good-bye, assisting view death positively and realize what it means to them. If someone feels that they shouuld be assisted to carry out some religious rituals or ceremonies they get help to do so. Generally there is help concerning prayer and spirituality. Many community based health agencies and hospice programs that are independently held offer home hospice services. The staff of home hospice program is normally a doctor, a nurse and other professionals but the key caregiver is the main team member generally a member of the family or a close friend. The primary caregiver is responsible for endless supervision of the patient. Due to their obligation of staying with the patient more frequently, nurses train them to effectively give much of the practical care. More importantly, home hospice calls for someone to always be at home with the patient (Rose et al 2010). This becomes a problem if the patient stays alone or if their partner or offspring are employed on full-time basis but it can be solved by innovative scheduling and proper team work with loved ones and friends. Hospice staff members make frequent visits to the patients home to check on both the family and the patient and provide the required services and care. Rose et al (2010) observe that under this program, care commences after being admitted in to it. To this effect, a member of a particular hospice team makes a visit to the home to learn about the patients needs and situation. Other visits are also made frequently for the needs of the patient to be re-evaluated. Additionally, there are on-call nurses to respond to calls all day and night long with a view of handling around-the-clock patients crises or needs. The required team member is also send within the visits scheduled to respond to a particular situation. Pharmacy, nursing and doctor services are constantly offered by hospices that are Medicare-certified as a prerequisite. Other services provided by hospices include inpatient care, bereavement support, respite care, trained volunteer services, occupational, speech and physical therapies, social services and physician services. Buy custom Hospice Organization essay

Robert G. Ingersoll, America’s Preacher of Freethought

Robert G. Ingersoll, America’s Preacher of Freethought Robert Ingersoll was born in Dresden, New York.  His mother died when he was only three years old.  His father was a Congregationalist minister, adhering to a Calvinist theology, and also an ardent abolitionist.  After the death of Robert’s mother, he moved around New England and the Midwest, where he held ministerial positions with many congregations, moving frequently. Because the family moved so much, young Robert’s education was mostly at home.  He read widely, and with his brother studied law. In 1854, Robert Ingersoll was admitted to the bar.  In 1857, he made Peoria, Illinois, his home. He and his brother opened a law office there. He developed a reputation for excellence in trial work. Known for:  popular lecturer in the last 19th  century on freethought, agnosticism, and social reform Dates:  August 11, 1833 - July 21, 1899 Also known as:  The Great Agnostic, Robert Green Ingersoll Early Political Associations In the 1860 election, Ingersoll was a Democrat and a supporter of Stephen Douglas. He unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1860 as a Democrat. But he was, like his father, an opponent of the institution of slavery, and he switched his allegiance to Abraham Lincoln and the newly-formed Republican Party. Family He married in 1862. Eva Parker’s father was a self-avowed atheist, with little use for religion. Eventually he and Eva had two daughters. Civil War When the Civil War began, Ingersoll enlisted.  Commissioned as a colonel, he was the commander of the 11th Illinois Cavalry.  He and the unit served in several battles in the Tennessee Valley, including at Shiloh on April 6 and 7, 1862. In December of 1862, Ingersoll and many of his unit were captured by the Confederates, and imprisoned.  Ingersoll, among others, was given the option of release if he promised to leave the Army, and in June of 1863 he resigned and was discharged from service. After the War At the end of the Civil War, as Ingersoll returned to Peoria and his law practice, he became active in the radical wing of the Republican Party, blaming the Democrats for Lincoln’s assassination. Ingersoll was appointed Attorney General for the state of Illinois by Governor Richard Oglesby, for whom he had campaigned. He served from 1867 to 1869.  It was the only time he held public office.  He had considered running for Congress in 1864 and 1866 and for governor in 1868, but his lack of religious faith held him back. Ingersoll began to identify with freethought (using reason rather than religious authority and scripture to form beliefs), delivering his first public lecture on the topic in 1868. He defended a scientific worldview including the ideas of Charles Darwin. This religious non-affiliation meant that he was unable to run successfully for office, but he did use his considerable oratory skills to give speeches in support of other candidates. Practicing law with his brother for many years, he was also involved in the new Republican Party. In 1876, as a supporter of candidate James G. Blaine, he was asked to give the nominating speech for Blaine at the Republican national convention.  He supported Rutherford B. Hayes when he was nominated. Hayes tried to give Ingersoll an appointment to a diplomatic job, but religious groups protested and Hayes backed down. Freethought Lecturer After that convention, Ingersoll moved to Washington, D.C., and began to split his time between his expanded legal practice and a new career on the lecture circuit.  He was a popular lecturer for most of the next quarter century, and with his creative arguments, he became a leading representative of the American secularist freethought movement. Ingersoll considered himself an agnostic.  While he believed that a God who answered prayers did not exist, he also questioned whether the existence of another sort of deity, and the existence of an afterlife, could even be known.  In response to a question from a Philadelphia newspaper interviewer in 1885, he said, â€Å"The Agnostic is an Atheist. The Atheist is an Agnostic. The Agnostic says: ‘I do not know, but I do not believe there is any god.‘ The Atheist says the same. The orthodox Christian says he knows there is a God, but we know that he does not know. The Atheist cannot know that God does not exist.† As was common in that time when out-of-town traveling lecturers were a main source of public entertainment in small towns and large, he gave a series of lectures that each were repeated many times, and later published in writing.  One of his most famous lectures was â€Å"Why I Am an Agnostic.†Ã‚  Another, which detailed his critique of a literal reading of the Christian scriptures, was called â€Å"Some Mistakes of Moses.†Ã‚  Other famous titles were â€Å"The Gods,† â€Å"Heretics and Heroes,† Myth and Miracle, â€Å"About the Holy Bible,† and What Must We Do to Be Saved? He also spoke on reason and liberty; another popular lecture was â€Å"Individuality.†Ã‚  An admirer of Lincoln who blamed Democrats for Lincoln’s death, Ingersoll also spoke about Lincoln.  He wrote and spoke about Thomas Paine, whom Theodore Roosevelt called a â€Å"filthy little atheist.† Ingersoll titled a lecture on Paine With His Name Left Out, the History of Liberty Cannot Be Written. As a lawyer, he remained successful, with a reputation for winning cases.  As a lecturer, he found patrons who funded his continued appearances and was a huge draw for audiences.  He received fees as high as $7,000. At one lecture in Chicago, 50,000 people turned out to see him, though the location had to turn 40,000 away as the hall would not hold so many.  Ingersoll spoke in every state of the union except North Carolina, Mississippi, and Oklahoma. His lectures earned him many religious enemies. Preachers denounced him. He was sometimes called â€Å"Robert Injuresoul† by his opponents. Newspapers reported in some detail his speeches and the reception of them. That he was the son of a relatively poor minister, and made his way to fame and fortune, was part of his public persona, the popular image of the time of the self-made, self-educated American. Social Reforms Including Women’s Suffrage Ingersoll, who had earlier in his life been an abolitionist, associated with a number of social reform causes.  One key reform he promoted was women’s rights, including the legal use of birth control, women’s suffrage, and equal pay for women. His attitude towards women was apparently also part of his marriage. He was generous and kind to his wife and two daughters, refusing to play the then-common role of a commanding patriarch. An early convert to Darwinism and evolution in science, Ingersoll opposed social Darwinism, the theory that some were â€Å"naturally† inferior and their poverty and troubles were rooted in that inferiority. He valued reason and science, but also democracy, individual worth, and equality. An influence on Andrew Carnegie, Ingersoll promoted the value of philanthropy. He counted among his larger circle such people as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Frederick Douglass, Eugene Debs, Robert La Follette (though Debs and La Follette were not part of Ingersoll’s beloved Republican party), Henry Ward Beecher (who did not share Ingersoll’s religious views), H.L. Mencken, Mark Twain, and baseball player â€Å"Wahoo Sam† Crawford. Ill Health and Death In his last fifteen years, Ingersoll moved with his wife to Manhattan, then to Dobbs Ferry. While he was participating in the 1896 election, his health began to fail.  He retired from law and the lecture circuit, and died, probably of a sudden heart attack, in Dobbs Ferry, New York, in 1899.  His wife was at his side.  Despite rumors, there’s no evidence he recanted his disbelief in deities on his deathbed. He commanded large fees from speaking and did well as a lawyer, but he did not leave a great fortune. He sometimes lost money in investments and as gifts to relatives. He also donated much to freethought organizations and causes.  The New York Times even saw fit to mention his generosity in their obituary of him, with an implication that he was foolish with his funds. Select Quotes from Ingersoll Happiness is the only good. The time to be happy is now. The place to be happy is here. The way to be happy is to make others so. All religions are inconsistent with mental freedom. The hands that help are better far than lips that pray. â€Å"Our government should be entirely and purely secular. The religious views of a candidate should be kept entirely out of sight.† â€Å"Kindness is the sunshine in which virtue grows.† â€Å"What light is to the eyes - what air is to the lungs - what love is to the heart, liberty is to the soul of man.† â€Å"How poor this world would be without its graves, without the memories of its mighty dead. Only the voiceless speak forever.† â€Å"The Church has always been willing to swap off treasures in heaven for cash down.† â€Å"It is a great pleasure to drive the fiend of fear out of the hearts of men women and children. It is a positive joy to put out the fires of hell. â€Å"A prayer that must have a cannon behind it better never be uttered. Forgiveness ought not to go in partnership with shot and shell. Love need not carry knives and revolvers.† â€Å"I will live by the standard of reason, and if thinking in accordance with reason takes me to perdition, then I will go to hell with my reason rather than to heaven without it.† Bibliography: Clarence H. Cramer.  Royal Bob. 1952.Roger E. Greeley.  Ingersoll: Immortal Infidel. 1977.Robert G.  Ingersoll. The Works of Robert G. Ingersoll. 12 vols. 1900.Orvin Prentiss Larson. American Infidel: Robert G. Ingersoll.  1962.Gordon Stein.  Robert G. Ingersoll, A Checklist. 1969.Eva Ingersoll Wakefield.  Letters of Robert G. Ingersoll. 1951.